Indo-Pak Policies Appraisal vis-à-vis contemporary Kashmir Conflict Dynamics

Abstract

The Kashmir conflict remains a central issue in Indo-Pakistani relations, reflecting deep ideological divides and posing significant challenges to regional stability. This paper examines the contrasting policies of India and Pakistan regarding Kashmir, focusing on their implications for regional security and the rights of the Kashmiri population. India's 2019 revocation of Article 370 marked a shift toward territorial consolidation and demographic changes, accompanied by heavy security measures that have sparked domestic and international criticism. In contrast, Pakistan’s strategy has centered on internationalizing the issue, emphasizing human rights violations and seeking global support. The paper explores the structural barriers to conflict resolution, such as mutual distrust and the marginalization of Kashmiri voices, and the role of external actors like China and the United States. It advocates for inclusive conflict resolution strategies, such as confidence-building measures, local stakeholder involvement, and strengthened governance, to transform Kashmir from a source of conflict to a platform for regional cooperation and peace.